The Complete Course of the Raku programming language

• About this course

Part 1. Raku essentials

Basic introduction to Raku and its compiler

• What is Raku
• Raku vs. Rakudo
• How to install Rakudo
• Editors and IDEs
• Conventional file extensions
• Hello, World!
• Notes on using Unicode
• Running programs
  • Running from command line
  • Running from REPL
  • Running from IDE
  • Using docker
  • Using online services
• Simple input and output
  • Output with say
  • Input with prompt
• Comments
  • Single-line comments
  • Multi-line comments
  • Embedded comments

Variables and data types essentials

• Scalar variables
  • Declaring a variable
  • Assigning a value
  • Declaration with initialization
  • The defined-or operator
  • Names of the variables
• Strings
  • String concatenation
  • Variable interpolation
  • Code interpolation
  • Escaping special characters
  • String length
• Numbers
  • Integer numbers
  • Rational numbers
  • Floating-point numbers
  • Operations with numbers
• Boolean type
  • Boolean operations
  • Boolean operations with other types
• Ranges
  • Excluding endpoints
  • Matching against a range

Control flow essentials

• Code blocks
  • Lexical scope
  • Global variables
  • Local variables
• Conditional checks
  • if blocks
  • else blocks
  • Using elsif
  • Using unless
  • if and unless as statement modifiers
  • Comparing numbers
  • Comparing strings
  • Ternary operator
• Loops
  • Using while
  • Using until
  • Using repeat
  • while and until as statement modifiers
  • Three-statement loop
  • Infinite loops
  • for loops
  • Topic variable
  • Postfix form of for

More about types

• Data type conversion
  • Introspection with WHAT
  • Converting types using type coercion methods
  • Converting types using constructor forms
  • Converting types with prefix operators
• Typed variables
  • Type constraints
  • Using of
  • Type conversion for typed variables
  • Allomorphs
• Positional data types
  • Arrays
  • Nested arrays
  • The @*ARGS array
  • Interpolating arrays
  • Lists
  • Quoting string arrays
  • Subscripting ranges
• Associative data types
  • Pairs
  • Hashes
  • Nested hashes
  • Interpolating hashes

Functions essentials

• Creating and calling functions
  • Function names
  • Function parameters
  • Returning the result
  • Positional parameters
  • Named parameters
  • Default values
• More about functions
  • Mind the space
  • Typed parameters
  • Return type
  • Multi-functions
• Built-in functions for printing
  • say
  • print
  • put
  • note
• The MAIN function
  • Reading command-line arguments
  • Multiple MAIN functions
  • Using unit sub

Part 2. Advanced Raku subjects

Debugging

• Debugging with dd
  • Dumping variables
  • Function signatures

Scalar containers

• Understanding Raku containers
• Data types and scalars containers
  • Type constraints
• Proxying method calls
• Default values
• Introspection with MOP
  • WHAT and ^name
  • VAR

Still to go

Part 2. Advanced Raku subjects

Containers

• Understanding Raku containers
• Integers
• Strings
• Date and Time built-in support
• Other data times
• Understanding a sequence

Operators

• Types of Raku operators (infix, prefix, etc.)
• Overview of operators in Raku
• Meta-operators
• User-defined operators

Control flow

• Phasers
• Block-related phasers (e.g. LEAVE)
• Other options (e.g., gather, given)

Subroutines

• Signature
• Multiple dispatch
• More on MAIN subroutines
• Nested subroutines
• Anonymous subroutines

Modules

• Creating modules
• Using modules
• Different types of importing (import, need, etc.)
• Introspections
• Installing modules from web

Part 3

Object-oriented programming

• Classes in Raku
• Attributes
• Methods
• Class methods
• Subroutines vs methods
• Inheritance
• Roles
• Introspection

Input and output

• Standard input, output, and errors
• Working with files
• Working with directories
• File streams

Exceptions

• The try block
• What is a soft failure
• The CATCH phaser
• Exception objects
• Failure objects
• Multiple dispatch in handling exceptions
• Custom exceptions

Part 4

Regexes

• Literals and character classes
• Regexp matching
• Quantifiers
• Captures
• Alternations
• Anchors
• Forward and backward assertions
• Adverbs (such as :g etc.)
• String substitution and replacement

Grammars

• What is a grammar
• Creating grammars
• Rules
• Tokens
• Grammars vs. classes and inheritance
• AST (Abstract syntax tree), make and made
• Actions
• Inline actions vs. action class

Part 5

Functional programming

• Recursion
• Reduction
• Higher-order functions
• Lambdas
• Data feeds
• Iterators
• Lazy and infinite sequences

Concurrent programming

• Junctions
• Threads
• Promises
• Channels

Reactive programming

• Supplies
• Live and on-demand supplies
• Understanding react
• Understanding whenever
• Understanding await

Web programming

• Making remote connections
• Simple HTTP client
• Simple HTTP server
• Cro 101

Appendix

• List of quizzes
• List of exercises

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© 2021–2024 by Andrew Shitov